Firearm



March 2 1926.. 1,575,019 c. G. swEBlLlus FIREARM Original Filed April 4.1922 Patented Mar. 2, 1926.,

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CARL GUSTAF SXVEBILUS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTCT, ASSEGNOR T0 THE MAR- LlNFIREARMS CORORATION, OF NEW HAVEW, GONNECTOUT, A CORPORATION OFDELAWARE.

FIREARM.

Application led .april ll, 1922, Serial No. 549,412. Renewed November17, 1925.

T0 @ZZ 107mm. 'it may concern:

Be itA known that L CARL G. SwnmLrUs, a citizen ot the United States ofAmerica, residing' at New Haven. in the county ot New Haven and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFirearms, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exactdescription.

rlhis invention relates to firearms and per- .tains more especially torepeatingguns of the so-called pump action type7 in which the breechmechanism is operated through the medium of a sliding, action rod and avforearm. l

lt is an object of the invention momentarily1 to preifent the opening ofthe breech of a firearm after the firing mechanism has been released.

Another object ot the invention is a simple and eticient means formomentarily render ingr inoperative the breech mechanism actuating'means.

Another object is an improved means for maintaining the breech boltlocking means in locking position.

Other objects and novel features ot the invention will be apparent fromthe following,` specilication and accompanying' drawings, wherein 1 is aside elevation partially in section of the receiver of a gun embodyingthe invention, the elements being in cocked position. Fig. 2 is asimilar view immediately after the hammer has struck the tiring` pin.

The receiver 10 has one side wall cut away to provide access to thebreech ot the barrel 11. Reciprocatively mounted in the receiver andadapted to close said slot is a breech bolt 12 riding on shoulders onthe walls of the receiver and having a tongue and groove connection withthe top wall ot the receiver. The lower portion of the breech bolt isrecessed and a locking bolt 13 is pivotally mounted therein, said boltbeing adapted to engage the stop 14 to maintain the breech bolt inclosed position. The bolt 13 is rocked on its pivot by the action rod(not shown) in the usual manner to lock and unlock the breech bolt.

A tiring pin 15 is reciprocatively mounted in the breech bolt 12 and isarranged above the pivot point of the locking lever, the upper side ofwhich is grooved to receive the firing pin. The intermediate portion ofthe tiring pin is ot larger diameter than its forward portion and ofless diameter than its rear portion, thus providing` a shoulder 16 nearits rear end and another shoulder near its front end.l Near the rear endof the tiring' pin isga vertical groove 17 and on the rear end of thelocking bolt 13 is a lug 18 which is adapted, when the tiring pin is inits forward position, to slide into said groove, the lug having' a rearoblique surface. A slide or wedge 19 is reciprocatively mounted on thepin and slides in a groove in the bottom ot the recess in the breechbolt and has a depending lug 20 through which extends the intermediateportion of the firing;` pin. A collar 21is provided on the front portionot the tiring pin and engages the {irst shoulder on the pin. A spring 22encircling; the tiring pin is interposed between the collar 21 and thefront wall of the recess in the breech bolt.y said springl serving tonormally maintain the tiring' pin in its rear position with its headprojecting beyond the rear ot the breech bolt. A second spring 23encircling' the tiring pin and interposed between the collar 21 and thelug; 20 normally maintains the slide 19 with the lug 2O in contact withthe shoulder 16. Depending from the rear portion ot the slide 19 is alug,` 2li and in the locking bolt 13 is a socket 25 adapted to receivesaid lug when the slide 19 is in its normal position. A hammer 26 and atrigger 27 are provided, said hammer and trigger having interengagingmeans (not shown) for retainingT the hammer in cocked position until thetrigger is pulled.

The operation of this gun is as follows: Starting` with the parts in thepositions shown in Fig'. 1, the gun is cocked and ready for tiring'.VThe breech bolt 12 is locked in closed position by the locking bolt 18and the latter is prevented from being;` rocked on its pivot by arearward pull on the action rod because of the fact that the lug` 18 isout of register with the groove 17 in the firingpin and upward movement.of the locking bolt will engage the lug with the firing pin. However, itit is desired to unlock the gun, the tiring pin may be pressed 1nmanually to brinfr the groove 17 into register with thehin' 18 and allowthe rocking ot the lockingbolt 13 to disengage its rear end tromthe stop1li. rllo tire the gun, the trigger 2? is pulled, releasing the hammer26 which strikes the exposed endof the tiring pin 15 causing primer of acartridge and explode it. The forward movementl of the firing the groovev17 and lug 18 into registervand the firing pin is maintained in itsforward position by the pressure of the hammer against it.l However, itis not possible to unlock the breech at the instant the groove and lugcome into register because of the wedge 19. The forward movement of thefiring pinv is connnunicated to the wedge through the medium of theshoulder 16 and the lng 20. During the forward movement of the firingpin, the wedge acquires enough inertia to canse it to slide forwardalong the tiring-pin a sufficient .distance t0 move the lug 2st out .ofregister with the-socket 25 in the'locking bolt. The rockingl thelocking bolt 13 is now prevented by virtue of the engagement of the lug24k with the top of the bolt. vThe wedge is, however, quickly returnedto its normal position under the inregister with the socket. With theelements in their present position the gun may be opened by pullingrearwardly on the action rod. This will cause the locking bolt to rockto disengage it from the shoulder 14, this rocking movement beingpossible since the lug 24 and socket 25 and the lug 18 and groove 17 arenow in register. As the lugl 18' enters the groove 1?, its rear obliquesurface -engages the rear wall of the groove `fluence of the spring' 28to brine' the lun` into 17 andV slightly retracts the tiring pin againstthe pressure ofthe hammer 26. The tiring pin is not, however,vmoved toits rearmost position by this operation and the firing pin ispressedforwardly against the lug 18 by the hammer. Further rearward movement ofthe action rod causes the bodily rearward movement of the breech bolt toopen the breech and eifect the ejection of the exploded cartridge andthe reloadingV of the gun. These operations are accomplished in thewell-'known manner by the usual extractor, ejector `and carrier, which,not being a part ofV this invention, are not disclosed in the drawings.The rearward movement of the hammer also brings the hammer again intopositionto be engaged by the trigger. The

breech bolt is now returned to its closed position. The firing pin isrelieved of the pressure of the hammer and the spring 22 forces thefiring pin rearwardly against the lug 18 which prevents the firing pinfrom moving into rearmost, position. The lug 18, however, positivelymaintains the firing pin in an inoperative'positio-n during thereciprocation of the breech bolt so that if the hammer is prematurelyreleased during the loading of the gun, the firing pin cannot be drivenagainst a cartridge until the gun is breeched. As the locking bolt dropsdown its 'front end to r*strike the pin brings tridge or the unlockingof the gun while` the pressure from the explosion of the cartridge isexerted against the breech bolt. For, if the gunner is pulling back onthe forearm at the instant the firing pin is actuated, the locking boltwill engage the lug 24, on the slide 19 which was `moved into engagingpo 4 sition simultaneously with the operation of the tiring pin,` theclearance between the top ofthe vlocking bolt and the bottom of the lug24 being sutlicient to allow the forward movement of the lug before thelocking bolt can be rocked. the locking lever and the breech bolt andthe former cannotnow be actuated. A release of the pressure on theaction rod will allow the wedge to move to its normal position under theinfluence of the spring 23. The gun may now be opened. i

- It. is, of course, understood that various modifications may be madein the structure of. this gun without in any way departing from thespirit of the invention as expressed in the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. ln a firearm, a breech bolt, a 'locking bolt pivoted to said breechbolt, a firing ein mounted in said breech bolt, and a memberreciprocatively mounted on said tiring pin and adapted when in oneposition toV prevent.- rocking of said locking bolt.

In a firearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt pivoted vto said breechbolt, a tiring pin mounted in said'breech bolt, a member reciprocativelymounted on said'breech bolt and adapted when in one position to preventrocking of said locking bolt, and resilient means engaging said memberto normally retain it in inoperative position.

3. In a firearm, ak breech bolt, a lockingl bolt pivotedv to saidvbreechbolt, a'firing-pin mounted in said breech bolt, and means on said firingpin for momentarily preventing `rocking of the locking bolt after thefiring of the firearm. Y l

4. In a. firearm, a breech bolt,.a locking 4bolt pivoted to said breechbolt, a firing pin The slide is wedged between n rocatively mounted onsaid tiring pin and being adapted in one position to prevent rocking ofsaid locking bolt, means on said tiring pin to communicate to saidmember motion in one direction, and resilient means to urge said memberin the opposite direction.

6. In a tirearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt having a socket pivotedto said breech bolt, a tiring' pin mounted in said breech bolt, a memberreciprocatively mounted on said tiring pin, a lug on said member adaptedto register with said socket when said member is in one position and toengage said locking bolt when in another position, and means on saidtiring pin to reciprocate said member.

7. In a firearm, a breech bolt, a locking` bolt having socket pivoted tosaid breech bolt, a tiring pin mounted in said breech bolt, a memberreciprocatively mounted on said tiring pin, lug on said member adaptedto register with said socket when said member is in one position and toengage said locking bolt when in another position, resilient means tonormally maintain said lug in register with said socket, and means onsaid tiring pin to move said member out ol normal position.

8. In a firearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt having a socket pivotedto said breech bolt, a tiring pin mounted in said breech bolt, a memberreciprocatively mounted on said tiring pin, a lug on said member adaptedto register with said socket when said member is in one position and toengage said locking bolt when in another position, and means forreciprocating said member.

9. In a lirearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt having a socket pivotedto said breech bolt, a tiring pin mounted in said breech bolt, a memberreciprocatively mounted on said firing pin, a lug on said member adaptedto register With said socket when said member is in one position and toengage said locking boit when in another position, resil ient means tonormally maintain said lug in register with said socket, and positivemeans for moving said member out of normal position.

10. In a firearm, a breech bolt having a socket, a locking bolt having arecess pivotally mounted in said socket, a tiring pin mounted in saidbreech bolt, a member reciprocatively mounted on said tiring pin, ashoulder on said tiring pin, a spring to normally maintain said memberin engagement Wit-h said shoulder, a second spring to retract saidtiring pin and a lug on said member adapted to register with said recesswhen said member is in normal position but to engage said locking boltwhen said member is out ot normal position.

1l. In a firearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt pivoted thereto, atiring pin, a slidably mounted inertia member adapted in one position toprevent rotation of said locking bolt, resilient means for normallymaintaining said inertia member in inoperative p0sition, and means formoving said inertia member against the action ot said spring.

l2. In a firearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt pivoted thereto, atiring pin, a slidably mounted inertia member adapted in one position toprevent rotation of said locking bolt, resilient means for normallymaintaining said inertia member in inoperative position, and means onsaid tiring pin for moving said inertia member against the action ofsaid spring.

13. In a firearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt pivoted thereto, areciprocable inertia member capable in one position of preventingrotation of said locking bolt, and means for reciprocating said memberupon the firing ot' said firearm. Y

14. VIn a tirearm, a breech bolt, a lockingr bolt pivoted thereto, areciprocable inertia member capable in one position ot' preventingrotation ot said locking bolt, positive means tor movino` said memberinto operativo position upon tiring the firearm, and resilient means toreturn it to inoperative position.

l5. In a iirearm, a breech bolt, a locking bolt pivoted thereto, andreciprocable inertia means for momentarily preventing the rotation ofsaid locking bolt after the tiring of said firearm.

In witness Whereon I hereunto sign my name this 18th day of March, 1922.

CARL GUSTAF Sl/VEBILIUS.

